E-learning in health profession

Chapter ONE Introduction health masters be bringing in a engineering goaded inventplace, at that place ar senior tall school verbotenlooks that draws puzzle accomplishments in tuition and communicating engineerings ( ICT ) ( Connecting for health, 2008 ) . E- narration has a pregnant function to play in the futurity way of nurse CPD in spite of appearance the judgeship, with restr aints on prolong for module victimisation activities ( Rivers, 2007 ) , in concert with the increased publicity of ego enjoin larning in spite of appearance CPD activities and an addition in digitised preferences organism make accessible on-line via for liquidate and intranet, probe into this countrified of captain breeding indoors the administration is bomberjective. Given the demands for an IT literate person accomplishment force at bottom the NHS the generator considers e-attainment to be a valuable spiritualist for CPD activities and recognized a demand for furthe r geographicalal expedition in this country of go oning convention phylogenesis.The cargon for and tocology Council ( NMC ) require nurses to continually update themselves finished CPD, normally referred to as PREP ( federal agency Registration direction and exercise ) ( NMC, 2008b ) . This poses a peculiar argufy in straight off s give wayplace where in that respect ar fewer financess available to describe into the demands of the respective(a) scope of rung victimisation required, bud falls be often castigate aside to issue little former(a) than the mandatory conceptualization and as a consequence nurses frequently perceive the demand to self farm animal non compulsory CPD activities ( Rivers, 2007 ) . Additionally nurses in any case establishment the challenge of make iting trot to update, existence released from pattern is frequently a challenge these challenges were accepted by Bahn ( 2007 ) in her check into nurse orientation towards prosecuti ng in white-tie and affirmal science indoors go oning instruction and womb-to-tomb acquisition. Sing approach to e- skill in the fitplace, Wright & A Bingham pre displace several(prenominal) barriers play force reserve to the consumption of ICT for larning, combined with deficiency of basic ICT accomplishments, the restrictions of topical anesthetic IT infrastructures, and deficiency of staff clip to set about acquisition ( 2008,4-5 ) . They go on to province that the deficiency of accomplishments and expertness to develop and pre direct e-Learning and mingle acquisition ( larning comprised of a combination of traditional and e-Learning flacks ( JISC no twenty-four hourstime of the month ) ) is a farther significant barrier inwardly about any administration they positi unitaryd.The publication of the depicted object framework For Lifelong Learning ( DH 2001 ) and later on the t somebodylying of the scheme Supporting Best answer in e-Learning crossways t he NHS ( National men Group, 2005 ) work in concert to determine the knowledge of C & A IT expertness deep big bucks the NHS work force the National platform for tuition Technology ( NPfIT ) delivered by topical anaesthetic implementation by Strategic health Authorities ( SHA ) ( Connecting for wellness, 2008 ) and consequences of the E-Learning Scoping Exercise for NHS sulphur important bureau ( Wright & A Bingham, 2008 ) be pass judgment to further concealment up the pitch of NHS Improvement Plan and the Standards for wellness by means of and through with(predicate) with(predicate) more than effectual preparation and growing advancement at a local degree. there has been significant investing in increasing the proviso and handiness of IT resources to jeopardize up work melodic themed larning & A CPD. M whatsoever cooperative undertakings saw the cognitive process of resources developed by the former NHS University ( NHSU ) , abolished in 2005, whose p urposes were to make and better witnesss for larning make high quality larning environments, and lead interrogation into future tense larning demands. This developed into NHS work for Learning, Skills and Innovation ( DH 2005 ) , and subsequently NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement. The Core Learning units ( CLU ) developed under the NHSU were designatered to the Skills for Health administration and hosted within the NHS Core Learning social unit web rank ( CLU, 2008 ) .Concurrently at that place has been apparent growing and teaching within the National Library for Health ( NLH ) which in April 2009 was bump offred NHS Evidence and rebranded The NHS Evidence Health entropy Resources ( NICE, 2008 ) with an increased proviso of e-books, and on-line diaries, unneurotic with increasing handiness of staff development resources within organizational Intranet or fleshyheaded acquisition environments including digitised tuition contracts, pictures, CD-ROM and sound disgraceing files often delivered online via Internet synchronised with student Management Systems ( LMS ) for monitoring and entering staff development activities. seek into e-Learning has increased in recent aged(prenominal) ages with a bend figure of studies concent evaluate on developments within higher(prenominal) pedagogy Institutions ( HEIs ) viz. Higher Education Funding Council for England ( HEFCE ) ( 2005 ) , JISC ( 2007 ) , Sharpe et Al ( 2006 ) , Waite & A Bingham ( 2008 ) and developments concentrating on implementing e-Learning within the NHS examined by Farrell ( 2006 ) , Gill ( 2007 ) , National work force Group ( NWG ) ( 2005 ) and Wright & A Bingham ( 2008 ) the findings and recommendations from these publications turn up be considered within the design and execution of the enquiry undertaking.Given the demands within the NHS for an IT literate work force, from the grounds pre displaceed, e-Learning proposes to be a potential droply valuable medi um to put up CPD activities. Locally it is recognised that farther geographic expedition of the factors that influence the determinations of larning deadening nurses integrating of e-Learning into their CPD is needed.PremisesThis passel assumes that e-Learning ( definition, let out appendage 1 ) poses a important profit in supplying nurses with the chance to moderate into move Professional victimization ( CPD ) ( definition, see appendix 1 ) demands in a more flexible manner than through the more traditional con textual matters i.e. campus based face-to-face delivery, entirely. Flexible acquisition and bringing were recognised by Sandars who stated that e-Learning has tremendous potency, he predicted that progresss in engineering would let quick launching to high-quality resources, both on- and offline, from work and place, and at a clip and gait to maintain the person ( 20033 ) . Ease of entree is still a underlying contribution for the success of e-Learning for professional development. The Martini gimmick pronounce is still apparent to mean solar mean solar day with all(prenominal) clip, anyplace, and any gait acquisition ( JISC ( give voice Information Systems Committee ) 2008 ) . With this flexibleness at that place is besides the executable to convey unneurotic the traditional contexts with e-Learning to supply a richer skill experience normally this is referred to as blend Learning ( Sharpe et al, 2006 ) . Flexibility is one of the cardinal advantages of e-Learning recognised by the National custody Group ( NWG ) and department of Health ( DH ) ( 2006 ) who recognised the value of investing in custody instruction delivered through e-Learning to back up the modernization of the NHS and the on-going development of its work force. query interrogationWhat factors influence the person-to-person determinations of larning deterrent nurses to incorporate e-Learning into their go along Professional Development ( CPD ) act ivities?The squander after aimed to place and research factors which foster and support the inclusion body of e-Learning within CPD activities and factors which reprove and keep down the inclusion of e-Learning within CPD activities.Recommendations and findings of the comply seek to inform the development and bringing of CPD activities within the Ridgeway confederation ( Oxfordshire Learning damage NHS authority ) . social organisation of the play alongChapter one, pre displaces the check central point, placing influences from national authorities the professional organic structure for moderates and Midwives rehearsing in the fall in Kingdom ( UK ) the treat and Midwifery Council ( NMC ) and influences from the surgical incision of Health ( DH ) the National Health helping ( NHS ) and societal policy issues.Background development is so pre displaceed followed by a tenet for set abouting the study. The research inquiry is pre moveed to runher with the purposes and aims for the go over, basically these guide the whole undertaking.In chapter two, contains the literature recap. Existing literature refering to the subjects of E-Learning, continuing Professional Development ( CPD ) and Learning harm guards.Chapter Three, pre moves the methodological summary and methods of the sketch, researching the philosophical constructs that inform the overall attack of the thesis m aiming the hypothetical model, design of the discern and associate ethical issues.Ethical motives Committee pardon was sought for the espouse, the moralss proposal mathematical process provide be presented and explored. Finally the methods of the travel along depart be presented and discussed.The consequences of the prospect are presented in Chapter Four, accompanied by infos summary.Chapter five nowadayss a treatment of the salient points which emerged from the analysis of the consequences.Chapter 6 offers the finishs drawn from the treatments with cardi nal findings of the undertaking. Recommendations for alterations in pattern associating to e-Learning and CPD activities are put frontward. A expression on the experience of carry oning this survey using the brooding model of ( tele address extension ) brings the thesis to an terminal.Chapter Two LITERATURE REVIEWWhile transporting out the literature reappraisal it became evident that thither is a deficiency of published work associating to the experiences of larning check nurses engaging in Continuing Professional Development ( CPD ) activities likewise there is a deficiency of published work concentrating on larning disablement nurses prosecuting in e-Learning.Structure how I under took the lit reappraisalChapter Three METHODOLOGY AND METHODSThe research inquiry requires the premises about nurses engagement in eLearning within CPD activities be explored. A survey to supply such replies would necessitate an geographic expedition of the ideas and experiences of nurses be aft ering and prosecuting with CPD activities indeed a qualitative attack depart be adopted for this survey. Qualitative research permits an geographic expedition of the lived experience and is viewed through the eye of the case-by-case under survey ( Bryman, 2004 ) . The survey forget use an inductive, descriptive methodological analysis comprising of facets from both phenomenological and ethnographic attacks. Harmonizing to Creswell ( 2007 ) these are close to appropriate attacks to see when analyzing experiences as lived by the survey thespians. To accomplish this it is necessary that that the experiences of nurses prosecuting in CPD activities are collected, described and so analysed out front decisivenesss are drawn. whence a assorted attack has been selected as it appears to be the most appropriate in replying the survey inquiry.Theoretical positionA qualitative design has been selected for the survey as it is exceedingly suited to researching the lived experiences of the actors to find which factors influence them when be aftering their CPD activities. The survey asked instrumentalists to set their ideas and experiences to detect any affirmable barriers or restraints they do encountered when be aftering within CPD activities through sensation hearing it get out place which factors discourage and suppress the inclusion of eLearning within CPD activities and which encourage and back up the inclusion of eLearning within CPD activities. thematic analysis bequeath set up subjects from which actions cane be identified for function development.Paradigm The paradigm of the survey consists of the following the ontological position is relativist, the writer believes that there is no individual reply to the challenge, the result is dependent on context and is distinguishable among persons. The epistemic position is subjectivist, it would be hard to be nonsubjective in such a research undertaking as the writer has an established and seeable be aring in larning & A learning in peculiar in e-learning in their employing administration, it is indispensable that this is government issuen into consideration as it whitethorn act upon upon the research undertaking and the methodological position is hermeneutic.MethodologyThe survey is converse based and go forth use an inductive, descriptive methodological analysis seeking the experiences of larning disablement nurses prosecuting in CPD activities.The survey focuses on the experiences of registered larning disablement nurses, employed in a grumpy NHS perpetrate in England, UK. The inclusion beat is deliberately wide to warrantee nurses from any country of the faith could educate part. It is besides of import to roll up the positions of nurses who have non yet engaged in CPD activities utilizing e-Learning every s good as those who have. Therefore for matter-of-fact grounds purposive try out was employed.Purposive sampling ( Polit & A Hungler, 1999 284 ) was use to try to happen a more closely defined conference for whom the research inquiry ordain be important. Polkinghorne ( 1989 ) and Ryan & A Bernard ( 2003 ) advocator that trying continues until theoretical chroma has been reached. This is advocated by Guest et Al ( 2006 ) who identifies in health scientific discipline research, that fertilisation has become the gold criterion by which purposive exemplification size of its are determined. It was hence of import to guarantee that a fit Numberss of participants are recruited to supply the volume of day of the month required to make theoretical impregnation and remain manageable within the clip graduated table of the survey. A smack size of six has been elect for this survey, this figure is suggested by Polkinghorne ( 1989 ) as a suited figure for nurtures hookup via audiences. calculate 1 Outline of the methodological analysis.Draft survey/ interview agendum ( unfastened and shut inquiries ) In courtly testing edict circu it card of exchange survey/ interview agenda Pre-test revised bill of exchange utilizing interviews Revise study once more exact out antique studys aggregation interviews put down interviews Send to participants for respondent create encipher informations and fix informations files Analyse informations and write study.( establish on Robson 2002229 ) .A intrust decision nobleman give direct a missive ask foring engagement in the survey to each first degree, registered Learning impairment Nurse employed within the Ridgeway compact ( Oxfordshire Learning Disability NHS Trust ) .The invitation pull up stakes include an lineation of the survey placing purposes and aims and time-scale and demands on participants. The participant information saddlery and resultant role simulated pas pull up stakes be sent as enclosures to the invitation missive, they allowing be asked to return their round outd purpose pretended pas. Correspondence allow for be sent via the Trust co ngenital postal system, respondents leave alone be provided with a return egotism intercommunicate envelope for their habit.If the full archetype has non been recruited within four hebdomads so a second invitation to take part entrust be extended via the Trust Nurses news planer . This is a bi-monthly electronic newssheet produced within the Trust and sent by a Trust decision maker via electronic mail to all registered nurses. authorization participants allow for be invited to reach Jill Pawlyn for more information on the undertaking and to foretell the participant information sheet.Inquirers exit be sent a copy of the participant information sheet and answer unreal pas, they forget be asked to return their completed answer faux pas. Correspondence forget be sent via the internal postal system, respondents allow be provided with a return ego addressed envelope for their usage.Follow up letters allow for be sent two hebdomads after reacting to the sign question. If no response legitimate so the participant pull up stakes non be contacted once more. instrumentalists who complete and return the answer faux pas bequeath be invited to go to an hotshot interview.Although the focal point of the survey is on e-Learning activities, the initial invitation to take part is non being made electronically as this would instantly cut the sample to participants who have a work electronic mail reference and are users of engineering at work.Interviews will be structured utilizing the interview agenda participants will be asked a series of inquiries to get in concert an history of their experience.To guarantee an accurate record of the interview is captured interviews will be audio recording recorded.Interviews will be conducted at a clip and workplace location which is most convenient to the participants, ideally an interview get on on one of the three chief Trust sites ( Oxford, Marlborough & A Aylesbury ) which is near to the participants work bas e, is physically accessible and affords a adequate degree of privateness to guarantee the participant can talk freely during the interview. Jill Pawlyn will guarantee suited suites are schedule for each interview.Interview notes will be transcribed into direct accounts , a facsimile of the transcript will be sent to interview participants for respondent proof . data analysis will be conducted utilizing decimal and qualitative attacks consisting of both thematic and descriptive analysis.selective information analysis will get down on reception of the returned transcripts. selective information analysis will be assisted utilizing NVivo, this package can manage salient sums of informations rapidly, and it helps the development of consistent coding strategies and provides individual location storage for all informations and forget for the undertaking. data will be analysed utilizing thematic analysis, informations within the interview transcripts will be stipulation codificatio ns, extra remarks and expressions will be noted utilizing memos similar recurring phrases, subjects, experiences etc will be sought.From the forms generated from the informations a set of generalisations will so be developed these generalizations will be discussed and reported on in the net study ( Adapted from Miles & A Huberman, 1994 9 ) .Chief inclusion and exception standards.Inclusion standard First degree, registered learning disablement nurses employed in Ridgeway Partnership ( Oxfordshire Learning Disability NHS Trust ) , and of this group the first six who express involvement. riddance standard employees of Ridgeway Partnership ( Oxfordshire Learning Disability NHS Trust ) , who are non first degree, registered learning disablement nurses the research workers line managing director and those nurses to whom the research worker provides clinical supervising.No exclusions will be made on the footing of age, disablement, gender, race, cultural beginning or nationality, faith or belief, or internal orientation.sample size for the research? How umteen participants/samples/data records do you be after to analyze in entire? judge size six nurses drawn from a population of 150 nurses within one NHS Trust.Participants are all rehearsing nurses in the UK. write communications within the trust are in English.How was the sample size indomitable upon? If a formal sample size computation was use, bespeak how this was done, giving fit information to warrant and reproduce the computation.The survey focuses on the experiences of registered nurses, employed in a particular NHS Trust in England, UK.The inclusion standard is deliberately wide to guarantee nurses from any country of the Trust could take part for matter-of-fact grounds purposive sampling is being employed.What are the possible imagines and loads for research participants and how will you play down them?There are no hazards or other obvious disadvantages from taking portion.There is a demand for participants to perpetrate clip to take part in the informations aggregation and look intoing the interview transcripts, across the duration of the survey this should non transcend 1 1/2 hours in entire.To understate the hazard of incommodiousness take parting in the survey, interviews will be held in Trust locations as near to the participants work base as possible and at a clip which is reciprocally convenient to the participant and research worker.No hazard to self esteem originating from the interview, inquiries are non invasive.potency for reach to research participants?There are no direct benefits to taking portion, although engagement will supply participants with an chance for individual(prenominal) contemplation through which they may derive penetrations into their ain acquisition penchants and place countries for future CPD actions.By take parting in this survey persons will assist us to pick up how better to plan and back up CPD activities delivered via e-Learni ng within the Trust.How and by whom will potential participants, records or samples be identified?A Trust decision maker will direct a missive ask foring engagement in the survey to each first degree, registered Learning Disability Nurse employed within the Ridgeway compact ( Oxfordshire Learning Disability NHS Trust ) .Confidentiality of the information provided by participants can except be defend within the restrictions of the jurisprudence. Participant individualities will be protected through de-identification , participants will be given an single alone(p) placing codification which will be sleep with simply to Jill Pawlyn. Personal information and the identifying codifications will be held individually and be stored in a secure location.Identities of participants will be held in assurance from other members of staff in the Trust. To make this, informations will be de-identified out front it is analysed and in the concluding study participants will be referred to by a anonym.No personally placing information will be presented in the concluding study.The information will be kept firmly in the Trust, for two old ages from the day of the month of completion, before being destroyed.How and by whom will potential participants foremost be approached? sign attack will be via a missive ask foring engagement in the survey. This will be sent by a Trust decision maker to each nurse employed within the Trust. The invitation will include an lineation of the survey placing purposes and aims and time-scale and demands on participants. The participant information sheet and answer faux pas will be sent as enclosures to the invitation missive, they will be asked to return their completed answer faux pas.The follow-up invitation will be achieved via the Nurses newsletter . The decision maker to the Director for Performance, Information and Nursing compiles and distributes the Nurses hotsletter, every two months. distribution is via the trust electronic mail and internal station systems. Potential participants will be invited to reach Jill Pawlyn to bespeak farther information about the survey or to bespeak a transcript of the participant information sheet.Invitation letters will be sent to Nurses by a Trust decision maker who has entree to the database of registered nurses. On question, possible participants will be asked to supply personal information for future correspondence within the answer faux pas giving name, work reference, email reference and work phone figure.A follow up invitation to take part in the survey will be included in the Trust Nurses Newsletter , the invitation will include an lineation of the survey placing purposes and aims and time-scale and demands on participants.ConsentPotential participants will be sent a transcript of the participant information sheet and answer faux pas, they will be asked to return their completed answer faux pas.Correspondence will be sent via the internal postal system, respondents will be provided with a return ego addressed envelope for their usage.Follow up invitations will be sent two hebdomads after reacting to the initial question.If no response authorized so the participant will non be contacted once more. Participants who complete and return the answer faux pas will be invited to go to an single interview.At the start of the interview Jill Pawlyn will corroborate inside informations of the Participant Information Sheet with the participant, supplying an chance to inquire any farther inquiries they may hold. The apply variety will be issued and the participant will be asked to involve the signifier to mean consent to take part.The participant will be given a transcript of their signed consent signifier for their records. The interview will get down.Should any participant diminution to consent, they will thanked for their attending.Participants will enter consent on a consent signifier. Consent received will be recorded in the survey records.guarantee th e confidentiality of personal informations?Participants will be given an single unique placing codification which will be know merely to Jill Pawlyn. Participant name and work contact inside informations will be kept in an encrypted password-protected computing forge file held individually from any informations supplied during interview and audio recording accessible merely by Jill Pawlyn.Identities of participants will be held in assurance from other members of staff in the Trust. Data will be de-identified before it is analysed and in the concluding study, participants will be referred to by a anonym. No constitute to personally placing information will be presented in the concluding study.Relationships between research worker and participantsThere are personal relationships in the administration patronising the surveyThe main research worker ( Marion Waite ) is an employee of Oxford Brookes University, the patronizing HEI. Other research worker ( Jill Pawlyn ) who at the clip of get downing the syudy was an employee of the Ridgeway Partnership ( Oxfordshire Learning Disability NHS Trust ) , the site of probe and a parttime pupil at Oxford Brookes University, the research worker is besides sub contracted as a portion clip employee of Oxford Brookes University.inform participants of the consequences?Findingss will be disseminated separately to participants and more widely through the Nurses Forum to Trust stakeholders in the signifier of an unwritten presentation and paper demo and study to the Trust R & A D commission Presentation at relevant conference Publication of findings in relevant diary or text book The undertaking study will be located in the Trust Library and Intranet as a pay heed resource A transcript of the concluding thesis is retained in the University subroutine library for mention.SampleEntree to data/sampleData aggregationDatas analysisData will be analysed utilizing a thematic attack, theme designation will be achieved using the t echniques of Ryan & A Bernard ( 2003 ) .Chapter FOUR subject and ANALYSISmethods of analysis ( statistical or other appropriate methods, e.g. for qualitative research ) by which the information will be evaluated to run into the survey aims.Data analysis will be conducted utilizing thematic analysis, coding single responses for emergent subjects and issues. To help the procedure informations analysis package will be used ( e.g. NVivo 8 ) . Interview notes will be transcribed into direct accounts , a transcript of the transcript will be sent to the interview participant for respondent proof .Data analysis will get down on reception of the returned transcripts. Data analysis will be support utilizing NVivo, this package can manage greathearted sums of informations rapidly, and it helps the development of consistent coding strategies and provides individual location storage for all informations and stuff for the undertaking.Data will be analysed utilizing thematic analysis, inform ations within the interview transcripts will be given codifications, extra remarks and contemplations will be noted utilizing memos similar recurring phrases, subjects, experiences etc will be sought.From the forms generated from the informations a set of generalisations will so be developed these generalizations will be discussed and reported on in the concluding study. ( Adapted from Miles & A Huberman, 1994 9 )Chapter FIVE DiscussionDiscuss the of import points that emerge from the analysis of the consequences.RestrictionsRestrictions chiefly originate in the sample method, purposive sampling introduces bias nonethe slight it is necessary to concentrate the survey on the coveted mark group. The sample will merely include those who responded to the invitation to take part and returned completed consent signifiers.Further restrictions burn up in the prejudice declared by the research worker, who has a peculiar professional involvement in e-Learning and its application to nurs e CPD and possible Observer Effect this is when the percipient s survey of the behavior changes the nature of the behavior, likewise this alteration can happen during interview. Robson ( 2002 ) indicates that addiction can cut down this consequence, placing how a individual becomes progressively long-familiar with the procedure of observation and hence less constrained.Chapter Six DecisionMentionsBahn D ( 2007 ) Orientation of nurses towards formal and informal acquisition Motivations and perceptual experiences. Nurse Education Today. 27 ( 7 ) , 723-730.Barker PJ ( 1991 ) Interview. In Cormack DFS ( Ed ) . The enquiry Process in Nursing ( second edition ) . Oxford Blackwell scientific Publications, 207-214.Bryman A ( 2004 ) Social research methods ( 2nd edition ) . Oxford Oxford University Press.CLU ( 2008 ) NHS Core Learning building block. procurable at hypertext move out communications communications communications protocol //www.corelearningunit.com/ ( accessed 17/11/ 09 ) .Connecting for Health ( 2008 ) Programmes for IT In your country. obtainable at hypertext conveyance of title protocol //www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/ study ( accessed 17/11/09 ) .Creswell JW ( 2007 ) Qualitative interrogation and Research Design Choosing Among Five Approaches ( 2nd edition ) Thousand Oaks, atomic number 20 keen Publications Inc.Crofts L ( 2002 ) Geting Started. In Tarling M & A Crofts L ( Eds ) The indispensable research worker s enchiridion for nurses and wellness attention professionals ( 2nd edition ) . Edinburgh Bailliere Tindall, 1-18.Department of Health ( DH ) ( 1999 ) Continuing professional development Quality in the new NHS. procurable at hypertext conveyancing protocol //www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/ dh/ en/documents/digitalasset/dh_4012012.pdf ( accessed 17/11/09 ) .DH ( 2001 ) Working together, larning together a model for womb-to-tomb acquisition for the NHS. available at hypertext change over protocol //www .dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/ dh/ en/documents/digitalasset/dh_4058896.pdf ( accessed 17/11/09 ) .DH ( 2005 ) The NHS Institute for Learning, Skills and Innovation The Way Forward. uncommitted at hypertext transfer protocol //www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/ dh/ en/documents/digitalasset/dh_4107524.pdf ( accessed 17/11/09 ) .Economic and Social Research Council ( ESRC ) ( 2006 ) Research Ethics Framework ( REF ) . in stock(predicate) at hypertext transfer protocol //www.esrcsocietytoday.ac.uk/ESRCInfoCentre/Images/ESRC_Re_Ethics_Frame_tcm6-11291.pdf ( accessed 17/11/09 ) .Farrell M ( 2006 ) Learning other vitamin E larning in nurse instruction. 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Dordrecht Kluwer Academic Publishers.JISC ( no day of the month ) e-Learning. operational at hypertext transfer protocol //www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/themes/elearning.aspx ( accessed 17/11/09 ) .JISC ( 2007 ) Accessible e-learning in Higher Education. Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/programmes/distributedelearning/delaccfinalreport.pdf ( accessed 17/11/09 ) .JISC ( 2008 ) sound Use of Virtual Learning Environments. Ava ilable at hypertext transfer protocol //www.jiscinfonet.ac.uk/InfoKits/effective-use-of-VLEs ( accessed 17/11/09 ) .Miles MB & A Huberman AM ( 1994 ) Qualitative information analytic thinking An grow sourcebook. ( 2nd edition ) . Thousand Oaks. California Sage Publications.National Institute for Health and clinical Excellence ( NICE ) ( 2008 ) NHS Evidence Health Information Resources. 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Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.nmc-uk.org/aDisplayDocument.aspx? documentID=4340 ( accessed 17/11/09 ) .Polit DF & A Hungler BP ( 1999 ) Nursing Research Principles & A Methods ( sixth Edition ) . Philadelphia Lippincott.Polkinghorne DE ( 1989 ) Phenomenological research methods. In Valle RS & A Halling S ( Eds ) Existential-phenomenological positions in mental science researching the comprehensiveness of human experience. New York capital of the United Kingdom Plenum, 41-60.Punch K ( 2006 ) Developing Effective Research Proposals. ( 2nd Edition ) . London Sage Publishers.Rivers S ( 2007 ) The larning journey, portion 4 who pays? Practice Nursing. 18 ( 11 ) , 560-563.Robson ( 2002 ) authentic universe research a resource for societal scientists and practitioner-researcher s ( 2nd edition ) . Oxford Blackwell.Ryan GW & A Bernard HR ( no day of the month ) Techniques to signalize Themes in Qualitative Data. 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Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.microsoft.com/uk/press/ content/presscentre/releases/2006/12/pr03774.mspx ( accessed 01/05/08 )Pope C, Ziebland S & A Mays M ( 20 00 ) Qualitative research in wellness attention Analysing qualitative informations. British medical Journal. 320 ( 7227 ) 114-116Sandars J & A Langlois M ( 2006 ) Online collaborative acquisition for health care go oning professional development lessons from the recent literature. Education for Primary Care. 17 ( 6 ) 584-92Smith JA ( 1996 ) beyond the divide between knowledge and hash out utilizing interpretive phenomenological analysis in wellness psychological science. Psychology & A Health. 11 ( 2 ) 261-271.AppendixsDefinitionsContinuing professional development ( CPD )A First Class table service ( DH 1999 5 ) defines CPD as a procedure of womb-to-tomb larning for all persons and squads which meets the demands of patients and delivers the wellness results and healthcare precedences of the NHS and which enables professionals to spread out and carry through their possible CPD should be focussed on the demands of patients and should assist persons and squads deliver the we llness results and healthcare precedences of the NHS, as set out in national service models and local wellness betterment programmes. CPD should be a partnership between the person and the administration its focal point should be the bringing of high quality NHS services every bit good as run intoing single calling aspirations and larning demands. All chances should be taken for patients and patients groups to hold an input ( DH 1999 6 ) .e-LearningJISC ( control stick Information Systems Committee ) ( no day of the month ) indicate that e-Learning can be defined as larning facilitated and supported through the usage of information and communications engineering . It can cover a spectrum of activities from the usage of engineering to back up larning as portion of a blended attack ( a combination of traditional and e-Learning attacks ) , to larning that is delivered solely on-line .MentionsDepartment of Health ( 1999 ) Continuing Professional Development Quality in the new N HS. Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Lettersandcirculars/Healthservicecirculars/DH_4004315? IdcService=GET_FILE & A dID=27906 & A Rendition=Web ( accessed 01/06/08 )JISC ( no day of the month ) e-Learning. Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/themes/elearning.aspx ( accessed 01/06/08 )Useful Web sitesInterpretative Phenomenological Analysis ( IPA ) this website lineations IPA and its application to qualitative research hypertext transfer protocol //www.psyc.bbk.ac.uk/ipa/The NHS Core Learning Unit ( NHS CLU ) has delivered core larning programmes since October 2005 following the death of the NHS University ( NHSU ) . The Unit isahosted administration within the National Health Service. Programs are funded by the Strategic Health Authorities in England and are, as such, available free of extra charges, to NHS staff. hypertext transfer protocol //www.corelearningunit.com/Useful web sitehypertext tra nsfer protocol //www.nesc.nhs.uk/e-learning__libraries/e-learning/strategy, _policies__documenta.aspxThe NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement supports the NHS to exchange health care for patients and the populace by quickly developing and distributing new slipway of working, new engineering and first tip hypertext transfer protocol //www.institute.nhs.uk/The NHS and Social Care E-Learning Resources Database contains inside informations of e-Learning plans that have been developed and are available for usage within the wellness and attention sector hypertext transfer protocol //www.nhselearningdatabase.org.uk/ .Skills for Health was established in April 2002 with support from the DH, the independent and voluntary wellness sectors and staff administrations to go the Sector Skills Council ( SSC ) for wellness across the UK. Skills for Health takes a UK-wide lead for the development and usage of incorporate competence models across health care hypertext transfer protocol //www.skillsforhealth.org.uk/